May 30, | nursing, med, NURS, Paper
Nursing care plan for urinary retention
Nursing as they say is a calling is a full-time job that requires caring for their patients’ lives. Nurses offer encouragement to the patients and prescribe a best-fitting care plan for those with different conditions.
Urine retention is a condition where you are unable to completely empty the bladder anytime you pass urine. Let’s discuss some of the causes of urine retention, types of urine retention, and the nursing care plan for urinary retention.
Understanding urinary retention.
As earlier described that this is the condition where one is unable to completely empty their bladder, urinary retention has a number of causes that can be diagnosed by the doctor, and an appropriate nursing care plan is prescribed as per the degree of the retention.
Urinary retention can be caused by a number of situations and scenarios. Actually, it is very important to urinate with no complications and it is highly recommended that if you notice any kind of abnormalities when urinating you should find help as soon as possible.
Urine is held in the bladder and the other major organs involved with urine in the body are:
This is the tube that is to transport the urinary tract to the outside of the body.
Internal sphincter.
The internal sphincter also referred to as the bladder outlet and holds the urine before its time.
External sphincter.
The external sphincter is found on the outside of the canal. It contains muscles that can be contact red voluntarily. Controls the passing of the urine when you let me out
Prostate (only in men).
This is also part of urinary function and is close to another urinary tract system.
With the urinary system explained, now let’s see what happens when you urinate.
Urination or micturition just like any other process in the body starts to form the brain which is the central nervous system. To urinate, the brain signals the sphincters and then they relax slowly the bladder tightens, and squeezes the urine through the urethra, and then out of the body.
There are a number of possible causes of urinary retention in both men and women. Listed below are some causes of the common causes:
Obstruction
Obstruction occurs when the urine route is obstructed by a foreign object. This could lead to chronic urinary retention as the swelling occurs over time and a small amount of urine is let out. Possible causes of obstruction are a swollen urethra, urethras constriction which causes urine to struggle to come out, constipation, kidney stones, or a clot in the urethra.
Medication
There are some medications that weaken the muscles and some affect the urinary system. Such medications include pain relievers, medication for Parkinson’s disease, morphine, and antipsychotic drugs among others.
Nerve problems
Disruption or damage of the normal nerve flow would lead to urinary retentions. The brain can therefore not receive adequate signals from the other part of the body want and cannot be controlled somehow. Conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, diabetes complications, spine or brain injury, and Parkinson’s disease among others.
Nursing care plan for urinary retention evaluation
When a patient visits a health facility with possible symptoms of urinary retention an evaluation must be carried out to ascertain whether chronic or acute. A urodynamic test will be ordered to ascertain the magnitude of the retention. Uroflowmetry is used to measure the released amount of urine from the body and the speed at which it is traveled outside the body.
Studying the pressure at which the urine is released will advise the nurse leaders and the health officers on the possible nursing care plan. At this point, the nurse will be able to determine if the patient’s condition is chronic or acute urinary retention.
Encourage continuous urinating
Perennial urination helps in protecting the wound or the affected area from further infection.
Bladder scan
The evaluation could be before treatment to ascertain the damage or after medication to evaluate the progress. Either way, whenever it is necessary to scan should be done if there are further concerns with the bladder.
The bladder scan is performed to evaluate if the patient is still retaining urine and to what capacity or the healing trend.
Abdominal assessment
The nurse during an evaluation also assesses the abdomen to feel the bladder palpitating rate to determine if there is any tenderness in the bladder. These nursing care plans for urinary retention are to enable the nurses to have a clear record of the pattern of the patient’s urination.
Nursing care plan for acute urinary retention
After diagnosis, the health practitioners will evaluate whether the urinary retention is chronic or acute. The conditions are subjected to different treatment or care plans by the assigned nurse.
Acute urinary retention is considered when there is onset in the inability to pass urinate that leads to pain and discomfort. Men are more susceptible to acute urinary retention because of the possibility to have an enlarged prostate. There is a different nursing care plan for urinary retention for both men and women.
It has been noted that some patients with acute urinary retention are able to pass small urine midst pain. Some of the care plans nurses could use for acute urinary retention are:
Giving the patient a list of the things or activities to avoid.
These activities that are regarded as triggers should be avoided. Such measures always assist the patients by relaxing the muscles of the urinary tracts controlled by the central nervous system.
Administration of medication
After hospital treatment, a number of medications will be given by the nurse followed by instructions for admission. The family members must be educated on the admissions of when and how. The drugs are usually geared towards healing and also slowing down any further infections in the affected areas and maintaining appropriate bladder functionality.
Nursing care plan for urinary retention after surgery
Surgery is one of the treatments for acute or chronic urinary retention. The best care plans for a patient after surgery are:
Catheter insertion.
The patient might be maimed for a while and the insertion of a catheter would be ideal. Nurses should educate the patient’s family members on how to keep the catheter clean and how to change it whenever it is necessary.
Catheter care
The family members should as well be educated on what is catheter and why their kin has to have it. They should also be educated on how to take care of it, how to check the position of the kink, and constantly ensure that it is well placed.
Provide appropriate catheter care when it is needed
When the catheter insertion becomes part of the treatment after surgery, appropriate care is required to avoid any potential infections in the wound. A nursing care plan for urinary retention after surgery is sometimes considered the most delicate because it is susceptible to infections.
Nursing care plan risk for urinary retention
Amidst the nursing care plan for urinary retention sometimes there are a number of risks involved.
Additional morbidity
Some of the care plans have led to additional morbidity in the past with some causing more harm to patients.
Infection due catechization
A catheter should only be recommended when is very necessary. Urethral catheterization should be considered the last resort because it can cause urinary tract infections and thus would lead to another surgery.
Effects of anesthesia
The type of anesthesia used also has effects on the patients. The use of analgesics and opiates causes a lot of pain to the patients with the effects lasting a long time even after surgery.
Summary
A nursing care plan for urinary retention is the specific care procedure nurses give to patients with urinary retention complications. These care plans vary case by case depending on the nature that is chronic or acute urinary retention. The purpose of the plan prescribed after diagnosis is to help the patient get better and have a normal urinating pattern. Are you looking for a nursing care plan for urinary retention? Reach out to us at onlinenursingpapers.com to help with your nursing papers.
May 30, | nursing, med, NURS, Paper
Focused exam cough care plan
Care Plan : 10 of 10 (100.0%) – Focused exam cough care plan
Nursing Diagnosis
3.5 out of 3.5
Nursing Diagnoses: Definitions & Classifications 2018-2020 © NANDA-International, 2017 used by arrangement with Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., a division of the Thieme Group. All rights reserved. Authorized translation from the English language edition published by Thieme Medican Publishers Inc. No part of this material may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the agent of the copyright holder, NANDA-International. Direct inquires to [email protected]. Link for more information: http://www.nanda.org/.
Status
ORDER SHADOW HEALTH HELP HERE
Student Response
Model Answer
Explanation
Points Earned
is at risk for
is at risk for
The correct status for the nursing diagnosis is “is at risk for,” because Danny’s most pressing vulnerability is to an infection that he has not yet, but could, develop.
0.5 out of 0.5
Diagnosis
Student Response
Model Answer
Explanation
Points Earned
infection
infection
While a cough can be unpleasant, the most alarming thing it indicates about Danny’s health is that he is at risk for an infection.
0.5 out of 0.5
Etiologies
Student Response
Model Answer
Explanation
Points Earned
rare hand washing
rare hand washing
Danny Rivera is at risk for infection as evidenced by: his playing with a sick peer; how he touches his face often, especially his eyes/nose/mouth; how rarely he washes his hands; and his exposure to secondhand smoke.
0.5 out of 0.5
played w/ sick peer
played w/ sick peer
Danny Rivera is at risk for infection as evidenced by: his playing with a sick peer; how he touches his face often, especially his eyes/nose/mouth; how rarely he washes his hands; and his exposure to secondhand smoke.
0.5 out of 0.5
secondhand smoke
secondhand smoke
Danny Rivera is at risk for infection as evidenced by: his playing with a sick peer; how he touches his face often, especially his eyes/nose/mouth; how rarely he washes his hands; and his exposure to secondhand smoke Focused exam cough care plan.
0.5 out of 0.5
touches face often
touches face often
Danny Rivera is at risk for infection as evidenced by: his playing with a sick peer; how he touches his face often, especially his eyes/nose/mouth; how rarely he washes his hands; and his exposure to secondhand smoke.
0.5 out of 0.5
Signs & Symptoms
Student Response
Model Answer
Explanation
Points Earned
N/A
N/A
Because the infection that Danny may develop hasn’t happened yet, he is not currently presenting with any signs or symptoms, so the correct answer here is “N/A.”
0.5 out of 0.5
Self Assessment
Your answer is not automatically evaluated by the simulation, but may be reviewed by your instructor.
Prompt
Student Response
Model Answer
Explanation
Why would a nursing diagnosis of a cough be incorrect, compared to a risk for infection? Consider the difference between nursing and medical diagnoses.
A persistent and unpleasant cough could be a symptom of something more sever, and the immune system is at a risk of infection. The effective nursing care to prioritize is educating a patient on how to avoid more severe outcomes.
While a cough can be unpleasant and frequent, it is actually a symptom of something more alarming: the immune system being at risk for an infection. The most effective nursing care you should prioritize is to educate your patient on avoiding this more serious outcome.
Your nursing diagnosis should always take into account what condition is most serious, receiving the greatest benefit from your help. This diagnosis may not be the most obvious physical symptom to you or your patient, so always consider what is jeopardizing a patient’s health the most.
Planning
4 out of 4
Short-Term Goal
ORDER SHADOW HEALTH HELP HERE
Student Response
Model Answer
Explanation
Points Earned
To have the patient and his guardian verbalize and agree to their instructions on how to avoid infection & practice respiratory hygiene, by end of the healthcare visit.
To have the patient and his guardian verbalize and agree to their instructions on how to avoid infection & practice respiratory hygiene, by end of the healthcare visit.
A risk-based diagnosis does not require medical interventions as the problem is hypothetical; the goal that does suit the diagnosis involves teaching the patient and his guardian about risk-reduction methods.
0.5 out of 0.5
Interventions
Student Response
Model Answer
Explanation
Points Earned
Instruct family and patient on washing hands or using hand sanitizer before eating and after using the restroom
Instruct family and patient on washing hands or using hand sanitizer before eating and after using the restroom
Many of these instructions work toward shrinking the patient’s likelihood of contact with harmful pathogens, which can lead to infection. Some instructions here also help prevent illness being spread to Danny’s environment and family members, which promotes community health and reduces the patient’s risk of becoming sick again.
0.5 out of 0.5
Instruct family and patient that patient should increase fluid intake
Instruct family and patient that patient should increase fluid intake
Many of these instructions work toward shrinking the patient’s likelihood of contact with harmful pathogens, which can lead to infection. Some instructions here also help prevent illness being spread to Danny’s environment and family members, which promotes community health and reduces the patient’s risk of becoming sick again.
0.5 out of 0.5
Instruct family to keep their house smoke-free (reducing exposure to environmental pathogens)
Instruct family to keep their house smoke-free (reducing exposure to environmental pathogens) Focused exam cough care plan
Many of these instructions work toward shrinking the patient’s likelihood of contact with harmful pathogens, which can lead to infection. Some instructions here also help prevent illness being spread to Danny’s environment and family members, which promotes community health and reduces the patient’s risk of becoming sick again.
0.5 out of 0.5
Instruct patient on washing hands or using hand sanitizer after coughing or being near someone sick Focused exam cough care plan
Instruct patient on washing hands or using hand sanitizer after coughing or being near someone sick
Many of these instructions work toward shrinking the patient’s likelihood of contact with harmful pathogens, which can lead to infection. Some instructions here also help prevent illness being spread to Danny’s environment and family members, which promotes community health and reduces the patient’s risk of becoming sick again.
0.5 out of 0.5
Instruct patient to avoid touching fingers to eyes, nose, or mouth
Instruct patient to avoid touching fingers to eyes, nose, or mouth
Many of these instructions work toward shrinking the patient’s likelihood of contact with harmful pathogens, which can lead to infection. Some instructions here also help prevent illness being spread to Danny’s environment and family members, which promotes community health and reduces the patient’s risk of becoming sick again.
0.5 out of 0.5
Instruct patient to cough into tissue, or sleeve if tissue is unavailable
Instruct patient to cough into tissue, or sleeve if tissue is unavailable
Many of these instructions work toward shrinking the patient’s likelihood of contact with harmful pathogens, which can lead to infection. Some instructions here also help prevent illness being spread to Danny’s environment and family members, which promotes community health and reduces the patient’s risk of becoming sick again.
0.5 out of 0.5
Intervention Rationale
Your answer is not automatically evaluated by the simulation, but may be reviewed by your instructor.
Prompt
Student Response
Model Answer
Explanation
In 1 or 2 sentences, explain how your selected interventions work to accomplish your goal.
The intervention will teach tha patient and guardian various ways to keep their hands and lungs clean, whichhelps eliminate pathogens and reduce risk for infection.
These interventions will teach Danny and his guardian how to keep their hands and lungs clean in a variety of ways, so that Danny’s risk for infection is reduced as pathogens are eliminated.
Infection can be caused by multiple culprits, so it’s important that your patient teaching covers a thorough and specific array of anti-infection habits. Focused exam cough care plan
Data Collections
Student Response
Model Answer
Explanation
Points Earned
Ask patient and family members to verbalize and agree to their instructions on infection prevention & respiratory hygiene
Ask patient and family members to verbalize and agree to their instructions on infection prevention & respiratory hygiene Focused exam cough care plan
It is important that your patient and his guardian agree to their instructions, as changing lifestyle habits can be intimidating but necessary for the patient’s health. Having Danny and his father verbalize back their instructions also assures they remember and understand the details.
0.5 out of 0.5
Discussion Of Care
Your answer is not automatically evaluated by the simulation, but may be reviewed by your instructor.
Prompt
Student Response
Model Answer
Explanation
Explain the rationale behind your nursing diagnosis.
Danny, we want to make sure you dont develop an infection and become more sick by taking you through the different that can prevent that and the focus will be on your risk factors. Some of your risk factors include you being close to a sick friend, exposure to cigar smoke, having touches your face with uncleaned fingers. They may sound a lot but by working together and mitigating your risk factors can be easy and effective
Danny, given that you aren’t feeling well, we want to make sure you don’t develop an infection, which for you just means getting even sicker. We’re going to talk about the ways we can work to prevent that, especially focusing on your risk factors, which are just things that give you a bigger chance of being sick. Some of your risk factors are that you were near a sick friend, have been exposed to cigar smoke, could stand to wash your hands more, and have touched your face with your fingers. I know that sounds like a lot, but if we work together, reducing your risk factors for infection can be easy and effective.
A patient should understand their nursing diagnosis and the rationale behind it to increase their sense of involvement and to identify areas for future improvement.
Explain your goal for Danny and the interventions and data collections through which you will achieve it.
To make sure you dont become sicker, I will talk to you and your father and what must e done. The three of us will collaborate and agree to your health goals. Then both of you will repeat what you have learnt to be sure you have understood all which should be done.
Let’s talk about how we’re going to help you not get sicker! So, I’m going to have a conversation with you and your father about things to do to ensure your health. You, he, and I will work together to discuss, and then have you agree to your goals. Then I’m going to have you and your father repeat what you’ve learned, so we can make extra sure you’ve got it down pat!
You should communicate the Care Plan to the patient, allowing them to exercise involvement and agency in their own healthcare.
Explicitly ask for Danny’s consent to the Care Plan.
Does the plan sound good to you?
Does this plan I just talked about sound good to you?
A patient must consent to all interventions in their Care Plan. Disagreements are opportunities to provide further patient education and to consider alternative options.
Inform Danny you will now begin educating him and will then call to educate his guardian.
If you don’t have any other question, we can start our discussion.
Danny, if you don’t have any other questions, we can start our discussion now!
It’s time to begin your education interventions, so let your patient know!
Intervention & Evaluation
2.5 out of 2.5
Student Response
Model Answer
Explanation
Points Earned
Partially
Partially
While Danny correctly verbalizes and agrees to his instructions for reducing infection risks, his father only agrees to some of his instructions, expressing apprehension toward not smoking inside the house. Your goal has been partially achieved.
2.5 out of 2.5
Intervention & Evaluation Rationale
Your answer is not automatically evaluated by the simulation, but may be reviewed by your instructor.
Prompt
Student Response
Model Answer
Explanation
Did you achieve your goal for your patient and his guardian by the end of the visit, getting each of them to agree to and verbalize your instructions for avoiding infection and practicing respiratory hygiene?
Danny agreees and has verbalized a full and correct understanding on what to do. However, is father is reluctant on reducing his smoking inside the house as one of the intervention was to keep the house free from smoke to reduce the risk of infection. Thus this aspect is yeto to be achieved. Nevertheless, Danny and his father verbally agree to all other instructions so the overall goal has been partially achieved.
While Danny agrees to his instructions and has verbalized a complete and correct understanding of what to do, his father expresses reluctance about reducing his smoking inside of the house. One of his instructions was to keep the house smoke-free in order to reduce Danny’s risk of infection, so this aspect of your goal has not been achieved. However, both parties verbally agree to most of their other instructions, so your overall goal has been partially achieved.
Even with progress being made in almost all aspects of your patient teaching, you must adhere to your goal and consider your work incomplete if certain agreements have not been reached.
